Skin ulcers are open wounds that form when there is damage to the skin and underlying tissues. They can be caused by various factors, such as prolonged pressure on the skin (pressure ulcers), infections, poor circulation, diabetes, or injuries. It is important to identify the cause to properly treat the ulcer.

Diagnosis is made through a physical examination in which the doctor evaluates the ulcer, its size, depth, and characteristics. A medical history may also be taken to identify risk factors or underlying conditions. In some cases, additional tests, such as cultures or blood tests, may be necessary to determine if there is an infection.

Treatment depends on the cause and severity of the ulcer. It generally includes cleaning the wound, applying appropriate dressings, and, in some cases, topical medications or antibiotics. It is essential to address any underlying issues, such as improving circulation or managing diabetes. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to remove damaged or infected tissue.

It is important to keep the ulcer clean and dry, change dressings as directed by the doctor, and watch for signs of infection, such as redness, swelling, or discharge. Pressure on the ulcer should also be avoided, especially in the case of pressure ulcers, by using cushions or pressure-relieving devices. Following a balanced diet and staying hydrated can also aid in recovery.